select NAME, DESCRIPTION from v$bgprocess

NAME | DESCRIPTION
PMON | process cleanup
DIAG | diagnosibility process
FMON | File Mapping Monitor Process
LMON | global enqueue service monitor
LMD0 | global enqueue service daemon 0
LMS0 | global cache service process 0
LMS1 | global cache service process 1
LMS2 | global cache service process 2
LMS3 | global cache service process 3
LMS4 | global cache service process 4
LMS5 | global cache service process 5
LMS6 | global cache service process 6
LMS7 | global cache service process 7
LMS8 | global cache service process 8
LMS9 | global cache service process 9
DBW0 | db writer process 0
DBW1 | db writer process 1
DBW2 | db writer process 2
DBW3 | db writer process 3
DBW4 | db writer process 4
DBW5 | db writer process 5
DBW6 | db writer process 6
DBW7 | db writer process 7
DBW8 | db writer process 8
DBW9 | db writer process 9
DBWa | db writer process 10 (a)
DBWb | db writer process 11 (b)
DBWc | db writer process 12 (c)
DBWd | db writer process 13 (d)
DBWe | db writer process 14 (e)
DBWf | db writer process 15 (f)
DBWg | db writer process 16 (g)
DBWh | db writer process 17 (h)
DBWi | db writer process 18 (i)
DBWj | db writer process 19 (j)
ARC0 | Archival Process 0
ARC1 | Archival Process 1
ARC2 | Archival Process 2
ARC3 | Archival Process 3
ARC4 | Archival Process 4
ARC5 | Archival Process 5
ARC6 | Archival Process 6
ARC7 | Archival Process 7
ARC8 | Archival Process 8
ARC9 | Archival Process 9
LNS0 | Network Server 0
LNS1 | Network Server 1
LNS2 | Network Server 2
LNS3 | Network Server 3
LNS4 | Network Server 4
LNS5 | Network Server 5
LNS6 | Network Server 6
LNS7 | Network Server 7
LNS8 | Network Server 8
LNS9 | Network Server 9
LGWR | Redo etc.
LCK0 | Lock Process 0
CKPT | checkpoint
MRP0 | Managed Standby Recovery
LSP0 | Logical Standby
LSP1 | Dictionary build process for Logical Standby
SMON | System Monitor Process
RECO | distributed recovery
CJQ0 | Job Queue Coordinator
EMN0 | Event Monitor Process 0
QMN0 | AQ Time Manager Process 0
QMN1 | AQ Time Manager Process 1
QMN2 | AQ Time Manager Process 2
QMN3 | AQ Time Manager Process 3
QMN4 | AQ Time Manager Process 4
QMN5 | AQ Time Manager Process 5
QMN6 | AQ Time Manager Process 6
QMN7 | AQ Time Manager Process 7
QMN8 | AQ Time Manager Process 8
QMN9 | AQ Time Manager Process 9
DMON | DG Broker Monitor Process
RSM0 | DR Resource Manager Process
NSV0 | DR Server NetSlave Process 0